Low Birth Weight (LBW): Not Always Due to Prematurity, and Can Be Prevented!

by Dr. dr. Budi Prasetyo, Sp.OG (K)

Many expectant mothers often worry when they hear the term Low Birth Weight (LBW). LBW is often associated with premature babies, but in fact, not all babies with low birth weight are premature. Various other factors can contribute to a baby weighing less than 2,500 grams.

The good news is that LBW can be prevented with thorough pregnancy preparation and proper health monitoring during pregnancy.

What are the causes of low birth weight?

Various conditions can cause a baby to have a low birth weight, including:

1. Maternal health problems during pregnancy. Several medical conditions can affect fetal growth, such as:

• High blood pressure
• Preeclampsia
• Malnutrition or inadequate nutritional intake

2. The mother's age during pregnancy is not ideal. The risk of low birth weight (LBW) increases in:

• Pregnant women under 18 years of age
• Pregnant women over 35 years of age

Both require closer monitoring.

3. Infections during pregnancy. Certain infections can inhibit fetal growth and cause the baby to be born with a lower birth weight than expected.

4. Consumption of certain medications, alcohol, or exposure to cigarettes. Both active and passive smoking during pregnancy can impact fetal development. Alcohol and illicit drug use also significantly increase the risk of low birth weight.

Low Birth Weight Can Be Prevented, Here's How

With the right steps, the risk of low birth weight can be optimally reduced. Here are some steps that expectant mothers can take:

• Plan your pregnancy carefully - Ensure your health is good before conceiving and consult your doctor to determine your physical and medical readiness.
• Meet the nutritional needs of pregnant women - A balanced nutritional intake plays a vital role in fetal growth. Consume foods rich in protein, iron, folic acid, and other vitamins.
• Have regular prenatal checkups - With routine checkups, your doctor can monitor your fetus' development and detect any risks or abnormalities early.
• Avoid smoking, alcohol, and illegal drugs - These habits significantly impact the fetus' health. Expectant mothers should also avoid exposure to cigarette smoke in their environment.
• Manage stress well - Excessive stress can impact the mother's health and the fetus' development. Make time to relax, get enough sleep, and engage in calming activities.

With the support of experienced specialist doctors and complete examination facilities, Premier Hospital Surabaya is ready to accompany expectant mothers through every stage of pregnancy safely and comfortably.

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